{"id":12,"date":"2022-09-02T23:39:42","date_gmt":"2022-09-02T23:39:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/?p=12"},"modified":"2024-01-26T23:23:19","modified_gmt":"2024-01-26T23:23:19","slug":"save-plots-in-r-to-png-files","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/save-plots-in-r-to-png-files\/","title":{"rendered":"Save plots in R to .png files"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>This tutorial explains how to save a chart as an png image file using R.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Have you generated a chart in\u00a0<strong>R<\/strong>\u00a0which you want to save as an image, simply for posterity or because you want to use in a document or presentation?<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>For an example, we can use the example data set\u00a0<code>faithful<\/code>\u00a0in the\u00a0<code>MASS<\/code>\u00a0package to produce plot via\u00a0<code>plot()<\/code>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(MASS)\r\nplot(faithful)<\/code><\/pre>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>This is just a sample dataset built into R, and the above code produces a scatter plot of the waiting time against duration of eruptions by the Old Faithful Geyser.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_62 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/save-plots-in-r-to-png-files\/#The_solution\" title=\"The solution\">The solution<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/save-plots-in-r-to-png-files\/#Output_Location\" title=\"Output Location\">Output Location<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/save-plots-in-r-to-png-files\/#Save_as_other_file_types\" title=\"Save as other file types\">Save as other file types<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/save-plots-in-r-to-png-files\/#References\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-solution\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_solution\"><\/span>The solution<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>We\u2019ll look to save our chart to a PNG file. We do this by calling\u00a0<code>png(file=\"faithful.png\")<\/code>\u00a0beforehand, where\u00a0<code>faithful.png<\/code>\u00a0is the file I want it to save to, and\u00a0<code>graphics.off()<\/code>\u00a0after.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(MASS)\r\npng(file=\"faithful.png\")\r\nplot(faithful)\r\ngraphics.off()<\/code><\/pre>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>This gives the following file:<\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-67\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/faithful-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/faithful-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/faithful-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/faithful.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>That\u2019s it &#8211; the\u00a0<code>png()<\/code>\u00a0function tells r to start creating the a PNG file, and\u00a0<code>graphics.off()<\/code>\u00a0closes and saves the file. The chart produced by the\u00a0<code>plot()<\/code>\u00a0command between those lines is output to the specified PNG file.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>We\u2019ve used\u00a0<code>plot()<\/code>\u00a0but its worth noting that this will work identically for most other chart functions, such as\u00a0<code>hist()<\/code>\u00a0which produces histograms.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"output-location\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Output_Location\"><\/span>Output Location<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>This code saves the file to your current working folder in R. You can see what this is by typing the\u00a0<code>getwd()<\/code>\u00a0function in R.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>If you want the output elsewhere, you can change the working directory using the\u00a0<code>setwd()<\/code>\u00a0function, for example the following will set the working directory to\u00a0<code>C:\/Temp\/<\/code>\u00a0on a Windows computer (assuming that folder has already been created), before saving the chart there. Note that R requires forward slashes in the folder path, rather than backslashes:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>setwd(\"C:\/Temp\/\")\r\n\r\nlibrary(MASS)\r\npng(file=\"faithful.png\")\r\nplot(faithful)\r\ngraphics.off()<\/code><\/pre>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Alternatively, you can specify the full path to where the file should be saved:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(MASS)\r\npng(file=\"C:\/Temp\/faithful.png\")\r\nplot(faithful)\r\ngraphics.off()<\/code><\/pre>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"further-thoughts\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Save_as_other_file_types\"><\/span>Save as other file types<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>R supports different filetypes &#8211; the following functions exist, and work in a similar way to the\u00a0<code>png()<\/code>\u00a0one we used above.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><code>png()<\/code>\u00a0&#8211; PNG files<\/li>\r\n<li><code>jpeg()<\/code>\u00a0&#8211; JPEG (.jpg or .jpeg) file<\/li>\r\n<li><code>bmp()<\/code>\u00a0&#8211; Bitmap (.bmp) files<\/li>\r\n<li><code>tiff()<\/code>\u00a0&#8211; TIFF files<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>It\u2019s also useful sometimes to change the width and height of the chart produced, or set the background to transparent. This is done by passing arguments to the\u00a0<code>png()<\/code>\u00a0function, for example:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(MASS)\r\npng(file=\"faithful.png\", width=300, height=250, bg=\"transparent\")\r\nplot(faithful)\r\ngraphics.off()<\/code><\/pre>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rdocumentation.org\/packages\/grDevices\/versions\/3.4.1\/topics\/png\">R Documentation: png function<\/a><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This tutorial explains how to save a chart as an png image file using R. Have you generated a chart in\u00a0R\u00a0which you want to save as an image, simply for posterity or because you want to use in a document or presentation? For an example, we can use the example data set\u00a0faithful\u00a0in the\u00a0MASS\u00a0package to produce &#8230; <a title=\"Save plots in R to .png files\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/save-plots-in-r-to-png-files\/\" aria-label=\"More on Save plots in R to .png files\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.9.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Save plots in R to .png files - Tiposaurus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This tutorial explains how to save a chart as an png image file using R.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/save-plots-in-r-to-png-files\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Save plots in R to .png files - 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This is fairly simple, so it will just be the first step in a series of tutorials dealing with images in PHP. The image functions require the GD library to be installed. Adding text to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;PHP&quot;","block_context":{"text":"PHP","link":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/category\/archive\/php\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":131,"url":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/set-read-only-recommended-in-excel\/","url_meta":{"origin":12,"position":1},"title":"Set Read Only Recommended in Excel","author":"Steven","date":"September 14, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"In this guide, we'll explain how to set read only recommended in Excel. That means that whenever someone opens it, Excel will suggest they open it as read only. 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Until recently, I'd been using Movable Type to operate a music news website, however I'd installed WordPress 2.0 elsewhere and had it impressed me with how pleasant and satisfying it is to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;WordPress&quot;","block_context":{"text":"WordPress","link":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/category\/archive\/wordpress\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":135,"url":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/how-to-calculate-net-present-values-in-excel\/","url_meta":{"origin":12,"position":3},"title":"How to Calculate Net Present Values in Excel","author":"Steven","date":"April 11, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Introduction Net Present Value (NPV) is a widely used financial metric that helps investors and business managers to evaluate the profitability of an investment or project. NPV calculates the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over a certain period. A positive\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Excel&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Excel","link":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/category\/archive\/excel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":100,"url":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/add-notepad-to-your-sendto-menu\/","url_meta":{"origin":12,"position":4},"title":"Add Notepad To Your SendTo Menu","author":"Steven","date":"March 25, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"In this tutorial, we'll show you how to add Notepad to the Windows \"Send To\" menu. What I've always found useful since I started using Windows is to add Notepad to the \"Send To\" menu, which is available when you right click on any file in Windows. This means that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Windows&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Windows","link":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/category\/archive\/windows\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/send_to_notepad-300x205.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":47,"url":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/exponent-in-php\/","url_meta":{"origin":12,"position":5},"title":"Raise a Number to a Power in PHP","author":"Steven","date":"September 14, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"You might need to raise a number to the power of another (the exponent) in a PHP script, for example \\(2^3=2\u00d72\u00d72\\) (sometimes written \\(2^3\\)), or in general \\(x^n\\). This may also be used with negative powers where \\(x^{\u2212n}=\\frac{1}{x^n}\\). Of course, you'd probably want to do this for more complicated examples!\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;PHP&quot;","block_context":{"text":"PHP","link":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/category\/archive\/php\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69,"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12\/revisions\/69"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tiposaurus.co.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}